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Pareto distribution : ウィキペディア英語版
Pareto distribution
\textx\ge x_m
| cdf =1-\left(\frac\right)^\alpha \text x \ge x_m
| mean =\begin
\infty & \text\alpha\le 1 \\
\frac & \text\alpha>1
\end
| median =x_\mathrm \sqrt()
| mode =x_\mathrm
| variance =\begin
\infty & \text\alpha\in(0,2] \\
\frac & \text\alpha>2
\end
| skewness =\frac\,\sqrt}\text\alpha>3
| kurtosis =\frac\text\alpha>4
| entropy =\ln\left(\frac\right) + \frac + 1
| mgf =\alpha(-x_\mathrmt)^\alpha\Gamma(-\alpha,-x_\mathrmt)\textt<0
| char =\alpha(-ix_\mathrmt)^\alpha\Gamma(-\alpha,-ix_\mathrmt)
| fisher =\begin\frac &-\frac \\ -\frac &\frac\end
}}
The Pareto distribution, named after the Italian civil engineer, economist, and sociologist Vilfredo Pareto, is a power law probability distribution that is used in description of social, scientific, geophysical, actuarial, and many other types of observable phenomena.
==Definition==
If ''X'' is a random variable with a Pareto (Type I) distribution, then the probability that ''X'' is greater than some number ''x'', i.e. the survival function (also called tail function), is given by
:\overline(x) = \Pr(X>x) = \begin
\left(\frac\right)^\alpha & x\ge x_\mathrm, \\
1 & x < x_\mathrm.
\end

where ''x''m is the (necessarily positive) minimum possible value of ''X'', and α is a positive parameter. The Pareto Type I distribution is characterized by a scale parameter ''x''m and a shape parameter α, which is known as the ''tail index''. When this distribution is used to model the distribution of wealth, then the parameter α is called the Pareto index.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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